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a Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology,
b Medical Research and Education and
c Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Neurological Institute, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan;
d Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yungkang City, Tainan Hsien, Tainan, Taiwan;
e Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;
f Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, and
g Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
Key Words. Bone marrow stromal cells • Mesenchymal stem cells • Plastic-adherent cells • Neural differentiation
Shih-Chieh Hung, M.D, Ph.D, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan. Telephone: 886-2-28757557, ext 118; Fax: 886-2-28265164; e-mail: hungsc{at}vghtpe.gov.tw
Size-sieved stem (SS) cells isolated from human bone marrow and propagated in vitro are a population of cells with consistent marker typing, and can form bone, fat, and cartilage. In this experiment, we demonstrated that SS cells could be induced to differentiate into neural cells under experimental cell culture conditions. Five hours after exposure to antioxidant agents (ß-mercaptoethanol ± retinoic acid) in serum-free conditions, SS cells expressed the protein for nestin, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN), and neuron-specific tubulin-1 (TuJ-1), and the mRNA for NSE and Tau. Immunofluorescence showed that almost all the cells (>98%) expressed NeuN and TuJ-1. After 5 days of ß-mercaptoethanol treatment, the SS cells expressed neurofilament high protein but not mitogen-activated protein-2, glial filament acidic protein, and galactocerebroside. For such long-term-treated cells, voltage-sensitive ionic current could be detected by electrophysiological recording, and the intracellular calcium ion, Ca2+, concentration can be elevated by high potassium (K+) buffer and glutamate. These findings suggest that SS cells may be an alternative source of undifferentiated cells for cell therapy and gene therapy in neural dysfunction.
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