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TISSUE-SPECIFIC STEM CELLS |
1 Duke University, Durham, NC, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kenan Plastic Surgery Research Lab
2 Duke University, Durham, NC, Department of Biomedical Engineering
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: klitz{at}duke.edu.
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Abstract |
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Many implanted devices fail due to the formation of an avascular capsule surrounding the device. Additionally, fat has long been known to promote healing and vascularization. The goals of this study were to identify potential mechanisms of the provascular actions of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and to improve implant biocompatibility. First, adult ASCs and fibroblasts from rats were attached to polyurethane and polystyrene in vitro and their cytokine secretion profile was analyzed. Secretion of VEGF from ASCs was 10-70 times higher than fibroblasts after three and six days. Next, polyurethane, bare and with cellular coatings, was implanted subcutaneously in rats. The fibrous capsule surrounding bare polyurethane implants was 17-32% thicker and the amount of collagen was 27% greater than the capsule surrounding ASC coated implants. Finally, the microvessel density adjacent to ASC coated polyurethane was approximately 50-80% higher than bare polyurethane.
In summary, ASCs attached to polyurethane have a dramatically increased VEGF production compared to fibroblasts in vitro, and these cells also produce an increased microvessel density in the surrounding tissue when implanted subcutaneously in rats.
Key Words. adipose-derived stromal cells, adipose stem cells, foreign body response, biomaterials, cytokines
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