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a Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, USA;
b Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
Key Words. Mesenchymal progenitor cell • Chondrogenesis • Osteogenesis • Adipogenesis • Tissue engineering
Rocky S. Tuan, Ph.D., Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 50, Room 1503, 50 South Drive, MSC 8022, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-8022. Telephone: 301-451-6854; Fax: 301-435-8017; e-mail: tuanr{at}mail.nih.gov
The in vitro culture of human trabecular bone-derived cells has served as a useful system for the investigation of the biology of osteoblasts. The recent discovery in our laboratory of the multilineage mesenchymal differentiation potential of cells derived from collagenase-treated human trabecular bone fragments has prompted further interest in view of the potential application of mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) in the repair and regeneration of tissue damaged by disease or trauma. Similar to human MPCs derived from bone marrow, a clearer understanding of the variability associated with obtaining these bone-derived cells is required in order to optimize the design and execution of applicable studies. In this study, we have identified the presence of a CD73+, STRO-1+, CD105+, CD34-, CD45-, CD144- cell population resident within collagenase-treated, culture-processed bone fragments, which upon migration established a homogeneous population of MPCs. Additionally, we have introduced a system of culturing these MPCs that best supports and maintains their optimal differentiation potential during long-term culture expansion. When cultured as described, the trabecular bone-derived cells display stem cell-like capabilities, characterized by a stable undifferentiated phenotype as well as the ability to proliferate extensively while retaining the potential to differentiate along the osteoblastic, adipocytic, and chondrocytic lineages, even when maintained in long-term in vitro culture.
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