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Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells Occurs through Symmetric Cell Division

^a University of Wisconsin–Medical School and the National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA;
^b WiCell Research Institute, Madison, WI, USA

Key Words. Adult stem cells • Asymmetric differentiation • Human embryonic stem cells • Symmetric differentiation

Correspondence: James A. Thomson, V.M.D., Ph.D., Diplomate A.C.V.P., John D. MacArthur Professor, University of Wisconsin–Madison Medical School, The Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, and The Genome Center of Wisconsin, The Genetics and Biotechnology Building, 452 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Telephone: 608-263-3585; e-mail: thomson{at}primate.wisc.edu

Embryonic (ES) stem cells can be expanded indefinitely, yet retain the ability to form all cell types of the body. Here we report that human ES cells differentiate exclusively by symmetric cell division in each of four distinct differentiation conditions examined. This suggests that, in some respects, ES cells more closely resemble precursor or transit amplifying cells rather than adult stem cells.

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