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TISSUE-SPECIFIC STEM CELLS

Placenta-Derived Multipotent Cells Exhibit Immunosuppressive Properties That Are Enhanced in the Presence of Interferon-

^aStem Cell Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan;
^bDepartment of Primary Care Medicine and Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;
^cDepartments of Laboratory Medicine and Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;
^dDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan;
^eCathay General Hospital Neihu;
^fCathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;
^gCentral Laboratory, Shin Kong WHS Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

Key Words. Mesenchymal stem cell • Placenta • Multilineage differentiation • Immunosuppression • Mixed lymphocyte culture • Interferon- • Human leukocyte antigen, class I, G • Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase

Correspondence: B. Linju Yen, M.D., Stem Cell Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan. Telephone: +886-2-2653-4401, ext. 27502; Fax: +886-2-2792-9679; e-mail: blyen{at}nhri.org.tw

Received February 3, 2006; accepted for publication July 14, 2006.


Several types of nonhematopoietic stem cells, including bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and embryonic stem cells, have been shown to have immunosuppressive properties. We show that human placenta-derived multipotent cells (PDMCs), which are isolated from a source without ethical concern and harbor multilineage differentiation potential, have strong immunosuppressive properties. PDMCs suppress both mitogen-induced and allogeneic lymphocyte proliferation in both CD4 and CD8 populations. The immunosuppression seen with PDMCs was significantly stronger than that with BMMSCs. Both PDMCs and BMMSCs express indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, but only PDMCs are positive for intracellular human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA). Mechanistically, suppression of lymphocyte reactivity by PDMCs is not due to cell death but to decreased cell proliferation and increased numbers of regulatory T cells. Addition of neutralizing antibodies to interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß partially restored lymphocyte proliferation. Unlike BMMSCs, PDMCs treated with interferon- for 3 days only very minimally upregulated HLA-DR. On the contrary, PD-L1, a cell surface marker that plays an inhibitory role in T-cell activation, was upregulated and TGF-ß expression was seen. The immunosuppressive properties of PDMCs, along with their multilineage differentiation potential, ease of accessibility, and abundant cell numbers, may render these cells as good potential sources for future therapeutic applications.

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