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EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS: CHARACTERIZATION SERIES

Spatial Organization of Embryonic Stem Cell Responsiveness to Autocrine Gp130 Ligands Reveals an Autoregulatory Stem Cell Niche

^aInstitute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering and
^bDepartment of Chemical, Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Key Words. Autocrine signaling • Embryonic stem cell • Niche • Self-renewal • Stem cell biology

Correspondence: Peter W. Zandstra, Ph.D., Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, 164 College Street, Room 407, Rosebrugh Building, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9. Telephone: 416-978-8888; Fax: 416-978-4317; e-mail: peter.zandstra{at}utoronto.ca

Received April 12, 2006; accepted for publication June 27, 2006.
First published online in STEM CELLS EXPRESS   July 6, 2006.



Highly ordered aggregates of cells, or niches, regulate stem cell fate. Specific tissue location need not be an obligatory requirement for a stem cell niche, particularly during embryogenesis, where cells exist in a dynamic environment. We investigated autoregulatory fixed-location-independent processes controlling cell fate by analyzing the spatial organization of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using quantitative single-cell immunocytochemistry and a computational approach involving Delaunay triangulation. ESC colonies demonstrated radial organization of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, Nanog, and Oct4 (among others) in the presence and absence of exogenous leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Endogenous self-renewal signaling resulted from autocrine non-LIF gp130 ligands, which buffered cells against differentiation upon exogenous LIF deprivation. Together with a radial organization of differential responsiveness to gp130 ligands within colonies, autocrine signaling produced a radial organization of self-renewal, generating a fixed-location-independent autoregulatory niche. These findings reveal fundamental properties of niches and elucidate mechanisms colonies of cells use to transition between fates during morphogenesis.

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