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TISSUE-SPECIFIC STEM CELLS

Myocardial Homing of Nonmobilized Peripheral-Blood CD34⁺ Cells After Intracoronary Injection

^a Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/Biomedical Cyclotron Unit;
^b Cellular and Molecular Therapy Unit;
^c Department of Cardiology; Hôpital Universitaire Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

Key Words. Stem cells • Labeling • Homing • Positron emission tomography • Infarction • Heart • Implantation

Correspondence: Didier Blocklet, M.D., Service de Médecine Nucléaire, U.L.B. Hôpital Universitaire Erasme, 808 route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium. Telephone: 32-2-555-33-00; Fax: 32-2-555-68-00; e-mail: dblockle{at}ulb.ac.be

Granulocyte– colony-stimulating factor administered for autologous hematopoietic stem cell isolation from blood may favor restenosis in patients implanted after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We therefore tested the isolation of peripheral-blood CD34⁺ cells without mobilization in six patients with AMI. After large-volume cytapheresis and positive CD34⁺ cell selection, 3.6 to 27.6 million CD34⁺ cells were obtained. We performed intra-coronary implantation of these cells and recorded no restenosis or arrhythmia. We used positron emission tomography (PET) to assess myocardial-labeled CD34⁺ cell homing, which accounted for 5.5% of injected cells 1 hour after implantation. In conclusion, large amounts of CD34⁺ cells, in the range reported in previous studies, can be obtained from nonmobilized peripheral blood. PET with [¹⁸F]-fluorodeoxyglucose cell labeling is an efficient imaging method for homing assessment.

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