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STEM CELL GENETICS AND GENOMICS

Functional Network Analysis of the Transcriptomes of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Amniotic Fluid, Amniotic Membrane, Cord Blood, and Bone Marrow

^aPrenatal Diagnosis Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;
^bSchool of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan;
^cBioresource Collection and Research Center, Food Industry Research and Development Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan;
^eDepartment of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan;
^fGenomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory,
^gDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lin-Kou Medical Center, and
^hDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Chiayi Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and
^dDepartment of Life Science and
ⁱGraduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan

Key Words. Mesenchymal stem cells • Microarray • Transcriptome • Functional network analysis

Correspondence: Tzu-Hao Wang, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan. Telephone: 886-3-3281200, ext. 8984; Fax: 886-3-3288252; e-mail: knoxtn{at}cgmh.org.tw

Received January 9, 2007; accepted for publication May 30, 2007.
First published online in STEM CELLS EXPRESS   June 7, 2007.



Using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays and functional network analyses, we examined whether MSCs derived from four different origins exhibited unique gene expression profiles individually and then compared the gene expression profiles of all MSCs with those of fetal organs. Our results indicated that within each group of MSCs from the same origin, the variability of the gene expression levels was smaller than that between groups of different origins. Functional genomic studies revealed the specific roles of MSCs from different origins. Our results suggest that amniotic fluid MSCs may initiate interactions with the uterus by upregulating oxytocin and thrombin receptors. Amniotic membrane MSCs may play a role in maintaining homeostasis of fluid and electrolytes by regulating the networks of endothelin, neprilysin, bradykinin receptors, and atrial natriuretic peptide. Cord blood MSCs may be involved in innate immune systems as the neonatal defense system against the earliest encountered pathogens. Adult bone marrow MSCs may be an important source not only of all blood lineages but also of bone formation. However, in spite of the different gene expression profiles seen in MSCs derived from different origins, a set of core gene expression profiles was preserved in these four kinds of MSCs. The core signature transcriptomes of all MSCs, when contrasted against those of fetal organs, included genes involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix and adhesion, transforming growth factor-β receptor signaling, and the Wnt signaling pathways.

Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.

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