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Original Article |
1 Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
3 Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: heli.skottman{at}regea.fi.
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Abstract |
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Understanding the interaction between human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and their microenvironment is crucial for the propagation and the differentiation of hESC for therapeutic applications. hESC maintain their characteristics both in serum containing and serum replacement (SR) media. In this study, the effects of the serum containing and the SR culture media on the gene expression profiles of hESC were examined. Although the expression of many known ES cell markers was similar in cells cultured in either media, surprisingly, 1417 genes were found to be differentially expressed when hESC cultured in serum containing medium were compared to those cultured in SR medium. Several genes up-regulated in cells cultured in SR medium, suggested increased metabolism and proliferation rates in this medium providing a possible explanation for the increased growth rate of non-differentiated cells observed in SR culture conditions as compared to that in serum medium. A number of genes characteristic for cells with differentiated phenotype were expressed in cells cultured in serum containing medium. Our data clearly indicates that the manipulation of hESC culture conditions cause phenotypic changes of the cells that were reflected also at the level of gene expression. Such changes may have fundamental importance for hESC, and gene expression changes should be monitored as a part of cell culture optimization aiming at a clinical use of hESC for cell transplantation.
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