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Rapid Communication |
1 Department of Developmental Biology, Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
2 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
3 Center for Animal Transgenesis and Germ Cell Research, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, 382 W. Street Rd., Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA
4 Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, 1349 BRB II/III, 421 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tomilin{at}immunbio.mpg.de.
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Abstract |
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Besides holding a great promise in clinics, embryonic stem (ES) cells represent a valuable tool in studying regulation of early developmental processes, such as cell differentiation in pre-implantation embryos. The caudal-related homeobox protein Cdx2 is a transcriptional regulator essential for trophoblast lineage, functioning as early as implantation. Using an inducible system, we show that gain of Cdx2 function in ES cells triggers trophoblast-like morphological differentiation, accompanied by ploidy increase, onset of expression of trophoblast-specific markers, and loss of pluripotency-associated gene expression. These data provide an insight into the genetic network controlling lineage specification and functioning in early mammalian development.
Key Words. ES cells, Cdx2, Oct4, pre-implantation development, trophoblast
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