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Tissue-Specific Stem Cells |
1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sbatra{at}unmc.edu.
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Abstract |
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Recent advances on the functions of embryonic, fetal and adult stem cell progenitors for tissue regeneration and cancer therapies are reported. The new procedures for derivation and maturation of these stem cells into the tissue-specific cell progenitors are described. The localization of the adult stem cells and their niches as well as their implication in the tissue repair after injuries and during cancer progression are also described. The emphasis is on the interactions between certain developmental signaling factors, such as hormones, epidermal growth factor (EGF), hedgehog, Wnt/
-catenin and Notch. These factors and their pathways are involved in the stringent regulation of the self-renewal and/or differentiation of adult stem cells. Novel strategies for the treatment of both diverse degenerating disorders, by cell replacement, and some metastatic cancer types, by molecular targeting multiple tumorigenic signaling elements in cancer progenitor cells, are also illustrated.
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