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Embryonic Stem Cells |
1 CHU Montpellier, Institute for Research in Biotherapy, Höpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France; INSERM, U475, Montpellier, France; Université MONTPELLIER1, UFR de médecine, Montpellier, France; MacoPharma, Tourcoing, France
2 CHU Montpellier, Institute for Research in Biotherapy, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France
3 CHU Montpellier, Institute for Research in Biotherapy, Höpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France; INSERM, U475, Montpellier, France; Université MONTPELLIER1, UFR de médecine, Montpellier, France
4 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
5 CHU Montpellier, Institute for Research in Biotherapy, Höpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France; INSERM, U475, Montpellier, France
6 CHU Montpellier, Institute for Research in Biotherapy, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France; INSERM, U475, Montpellier, France; Université MONTPELLIER1, UFR de médecine, Montpellier, France
7 INSERM, U475, Montpellier, France
8 CHU Montpellier, Institute for Research in Biotherapy, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France; INSERM, U475, Montpellier, France
9 Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France; INSERM, U 583, Montpellier, France
10 CHU Montpellier, Institute for Research in Biotherapy, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France; CHU Montpellier, Unité biologie clinique d'AMP - DPI, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France; INSERM, U475, Montpellier, France
11 CHU Montpellier, Unité biologie clinique d'AMP - DPI, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France; CHU Montpellier, Institute for Research in Biotherapy, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France; INSERM, U475, Montpellier, France; Université MONTPELLIER1, UFR de médecine, Montpellier, France
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: devos{at}montp.inserm.fr.
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Abstract |
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Microarray technology provides a unique opportunity to examine gene expression patterns in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We performed a meta-analysis of 38 original studies reporting on the transcriptome of hESCs. We determined that 1076 genes were found overexpressed in hESCs by at least 3 studies when compared to differentiated cell types, thus composing a "consensus hESC gene list". Only one gene was reported by all studies: the homeodomain transcription factor POU5F1/OCT3/4. The list comprised other genes critical for pluripotency such as the transcription factors NANOG and SOX2, and the growth factors TDGF1/CRIPTO and Galanin. We show that CD24 and SEMA6A, two cell surface protein-coding genes from the top of the consensus hESC gene list, display a strong and specific membrane protein expression on hESCs. Moreover, CD24 labeling permits to purify by flow cytometry hESCs co-cultured on human fibroblasts. The "consensus hESC gene list" also included the FZD7 WNT receptor, the G protein-coupled receptor GPR19, and the HELLS helicase which could play an important role in hESCs biology. Conversely, we identified 783 genes downregulated in hESCs and reported in at least three studies. This "consensus differentiation gene list" included the IL6ST/GP130 LIF receptor. We created an online hESC expression atlas, (http://amazonia.montp. inserm.fr), to provide an easy access to this public transcriptome dataset. Expression histograms comparing hESC to a broad collection of fetal and adult tissues can be retrieved with this web tool for more than 15 000 genes.
Key Words. pluripotent stem cells, gene expression profiling, microarray analysis
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