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Stem Cell Genetics and Genomics |
1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
2 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore
3 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore; NUS Tissue Engineering Program (NUSTEP), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Division of Bioengineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
4 Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore; Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusets
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: limb1{at}gis.a-star.edu.sg.
| Abstract |
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Mesenchymal stem cells from human bone marrow (hBMSCs) and adipose tissue (hAMSCs) represent a useful source of progenitor cells for cell therapy and tissue engineering. However it is not clear what are the similarities and differences between them. Like hBMSCs, hAMSCs can also differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic cells. Whether MSCs derived from different tissue sources represent fundamentally similar or different cell types is not clear. Given the possible different sources of MSCs for cell therapy, a comprehensive comparison of the different MSCs would be very useful. Here we compared the transcriptome profile of hAMCS and hBMSCs during directed differentiation into bone, cartilage and fat. Our data revealed considerable similarities between BMSCs and AMSCs. We uncovered an interesting bifurcation of pathways in both BMSCs and AMSCs in which osteogenesis and adipogenesis appear to be linked in a differentiation branch separate from chondrogenesis. Our data suggest that while a set of common genes may be needed for early differentiation into all three lineages, a different set of signature genes are associated with maturation into fully differentiated cells. The recruitment of different late differentiation factors explain and support our conclusion that BMSC differentiate more efficiently into bone and cartilage whereas AMSC differentiate better into adipocytes .
This study generated not only a rich data base for continuing molecular characterization of various MSCs , but also provide a rational basis for assessing qualities of MSCs from different sources for the purpose of cell-based therapy and tissue engineering.
Key Words. Gene expression profile, Mesenchymal stem cells, Adipose tissue, Bone marrow, FKBP5
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