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TISSUE-SPECIFIC STEM CELLS |
1 Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza – Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
2 Department of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
3 Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
4 Department of Internal Medicine II, University Clinic of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
5 Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Upper Austria/Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Linz-Vienna, Austria
6 Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
7 Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
8 The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
9 Department of Regenerative Medicine, University of Toyama Faculty of Medicine, Toyama, Japan
10 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
11 Department of Anatomy, University of Madras, Chennai, India
12 Department of Regenerative Medicine, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ornella.parolini{at}tin.it.
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Abstract |
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Placental tissue draws great interest as a source of cells for regenerative medicine because of the phenotypic plasticity of many of the cells types isolated from this tissue. Furthermore, placenta, which is involved in maintaining fetal tolerance, contains cells which display immunomodulatory properties. These two features could prove useful for future cell therapy-based clinical applications. Placental tissue is readily available and easily procured without invasive procedures, and its use does not elicit ethical debate.
Numerous reports describing stem cells from different parts of the placenta have been published, using nearly as numerous isolation and characterization procedures.
Considering the complexity of the placenta, an urgent need exists to define, as clearly as possible, the region of origin and methods of isolation of cells derived from this tissue.
On March 23rd-24th, 2007, the first international "Workshop on Placenta Derived Stem Cells" was held in Brescia, Italy.
Most of the research published in this area focuses on mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from various parts of the placenta or epithelial cells isolated from amniotic membrane. The aim of this review is to summarize and provide the state of the art of research in this field, addressing aspects including cell isolation protocols and characteristics of these cells, as well as providing preliminary indications of the possibilities for use of these cells in future clinical applications.
Key Words. human placenta, fetal membranes, amnion, chorion, mesenchymal stromal cells, fetal tolerance
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  C.-P. Chen, S.-H. Liu, J.-P. Huang, J. D. Aplin, Y.-H. Wu, P.-C. Chen, C.-S. Hu, C.-C. Ko, M.-Y. Lee, and C.-Y. Chen Engraftment potential of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells after in utero transplantation in rats Hum. Reprod., October 9, 2008; (2008) den356v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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