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TISSUE-SPECIFIC STEM CELLS |
a Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology,
b Biological Sciences,
c Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and
d Ophthalmology, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
Key Words. Adhesion receptors • Integrins • Mouse
Correspondence: Mary Ann Stepp, Ph.D., Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Ophthalmology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA. Telephone: 202-994-0557; Fax: 202-994-8885; e-mail: mastepp{at}gwu.edu
Received August 9, 2005;
accepted for publication October 14, 2005.
Adult corneal epithelial stem cells (CESCs) have been shown to reside at the periphery of the cornea at a site called the corneoscleral junction or limbus. Although studies have shown that these cells are slow cycling, their molecular characteristics are not well understood. Using a whole-mount procedure, we show that whereas 
9-integrin is present in a subset of the basal cells at the corneal limbus and absent in the central cornea, ß1-, ß4-, 3-, and 6-integrins are more highly expressed overall in central corneal basal cells. To characterize CESCs based on their slow-cycling nature, we simultaneously evaluated 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) label-retaining cells (LRCs) and integrin expression (9, ß1, and ß4) in a total of 1,889 cells at the limbus of adult mice that had been injected as neonates with BrdU. Whereas the LRCs were usually observed adjacent to 9-integrin-positive cells, most LRCs were 9-integrin–negative and expressed high levels of ß1- and ß4-integrin. In addition, we observed more BrdU-positive LRCs at the superior and inferior quadrants of adult mouse corneas than at the nasal and temporal quadrants, and determined that 0.94 to 3.6% of the limbal basal cells were slow cycling. We conclude from these data that the slow-cycling LRCs in the adult mouse cornea are enriched in cells that express high levels of ß1- and ß4-integrin and little 9-integrin.
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